# mCSS: full reference
> mCSS is a modern CSS framework and component library for websites: real CSS, real markup, zero build step, built on native cascade layers. It is not a dependency; you copy the files into your project and own them. This file concatenates every docs and components page. A per-page index is at /llms.txt.
# Marketing Template
> Part of mCSS (mcss.dev). Rendered page: https://mcss.dev/docs/template
A complete marketing one-pager built from nothing but the framework and the component library: no site CSS, no custom components, no JavaScript beyond what the components ship with. It is both a working template and the proof that the library composes into a real page.
**[Open the live template](/templates/marketing)**, and use the switcher in its bottom corner to flip the whole page between the default look and the [wireframe theme](/docs/themes): same markup, one stylesheet swapped.
The whole page sits on the base [`.layout` scaffold](/docs/global#layouts): `
` wrapping a `.layout_content` main, which gives the header / content / footer app shell with a sticky footer. Inside that shell, from top to bottom:
- [Banner](/components/banner)
- [Header](/components/header) (sticky, with mobile menu)
- [Hero](/components/hero) (full variant on a gradient)
- [Section](/components/section) with a [feature grid](/components/featuregrid) ([Tiles](/components/tiles) + FeatureItems), a filled Section of [Testimonials](/components/testimonial) on the grid
- [Pricing](/components/pricing)
- [FAQ](/components/faq) with exclusive-open items
- Closing-CTA [Section](/components/section)
- [Footer](/components/footer).
## Using it
Copy [`marketing.astro`][srcTemplate] into your own `src/pages/` (as `index.astro`, most likely) and definitely swap the copy, links, and pricing for your own. Everything it needs is listed below; if you copied the whole framework and component library per [Getting started](/docs/start), you already have all of it.
Two blocks in the file exist for the docs demo and are safe to touch:
- The **theme switcher** at the bottom (marked with a comment) is just for the demo. Delete it.
- The **inline `@layer` statement** at the top of `` pins the cascade-layer order before any stylesheet loads. Only needed when a theme is loaded as a separate `` (layer priority is set by first occurrence, and the theme link may parse first). If you activate your theme with an `@import` in your entry CSS instead, you can drop it.
| What | Files |
| ---------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| The page | `src/pages/templates/marketing.astro` ([source][srcTemplate]) |
| Astro components | `Banner`, `Header`, `Hero`, `Section`, `Tiles`, `FeatureItem`, `Testimonial`, `Avatar` (used by Testimonial), `PricingCard`, `Faq`, `FaqItem`, `Footer` ([source][srcComponents]) |
| Framework CSS | The framework entry `mcss.css` covers every component and layout style used ([source][srcFramework]) |
| Theme (optional) | `theme.wireframe.css`, only if you keep the switcher ([source][srcWireframe]) |
| Icons | `menu`, `x`, `check`, `circle-check`, `moon-star`, `external-link`, `rotate-ccw`, `mail`, `heart` ([source][srcIcons]) |
| Scripts | `src/scripts/utilities.js` (the Header's scroll throttle) ([source][srcScripts]) |
[srcTemplate]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/blob/main/src/pages/templates/marketing.astro
[srcComponents]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/tree/main/src/components
[srcFramework]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/tree/main/src/styles/framework
[srcWireframe]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/blob/main/src/styles/framework/theme.wireframe.css
[srcIcons]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/tree/main/src/assets/icons
[srcScripts]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/blob/main/src/scripts/utilities.js
## Useful recipes
Even if you don't use the whole page, three patterns in it transfer anywhere:
- **The closing CTA** is not a component; it is a `Section` with `variant="primary"` and a `.section_actions` row (see the [Section recipes](/components/section)).
- **The pricing row** is three [PricingCards](/components/pricing) on the plain [grid](/docs/global#grid) (`col="1" col-md="3"`), with `highlighted` on the recommended tier.
- **Exclusive-open FAQ** items share a `name`, so the browser closes one when another opens. Native ``, no JavaScript.
---
# Getting Started
> Part of mCSS (mcss.dev). Rendered page: https://mcss.dev/docs/start
mCSS is both a CSS framework and a methodology. You need to first understand the methodology to use the framework correctly. There are 3 main parts to the methodology.
1. The file structure
1. The CSS syntax
1. The component architecture
Once you've read through the basics below, the best way to understand how it all comes together is to have a look at the [source code][src]. (Video tutorial coming soon!)
## mCSS file structure
The file structure is a simplified [ITCSS][1]: files are organized in [layers][layers] going from broad and generic (tokens, element defaults) to specific and local (components, one-off helpers). When done right, it takes care of all the common "shortcomings" of CSS such as [specificity][3] wars and cascading conflicts.
mCSS implements this with native [CSS cascade layers][cascade-layers]: every framework file is imported into a named `@layer`, and the layer order (not the import order or specificity) decides who wins. Anything you write _outside_ the layers beats the framework by default, so mCSS always gets out of your way. The only exception is [helper classes][helpers], which use `!important` so they can override anything, including your own CSS.
### Two folders
The styles live in two folders, and the split is the methodology in miniature:
- **[`framework/`][framework-src]**: mCSS itself, every file in a named layer. You copy it and mostly leave it alone: customization goes through the `settings.*` tokens, a [theme](/docs/themes), or your own CSS, not through edits scattered across framework files.
- **[`site/`][site-src]**: this site's own CSS, imported **unlayered, after the framework**, so it wins without specificity games. Because those files are unlayered, the order you import them in is important so make sure you have a clear mental model of [ITCSS][1] principles before delving in. You can also refer to mCSS [own `/site`'s setup][4] as a reference.
### The layers, in order
Each layer only ever loses to the ones after it. The sections below detail each one; most have full docs in the sidebar.
| Layer | Files | What lives there |
| ------------- | ------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| `settings` | `settings.*` | Tokens, interface tokens, media queries, mixins |
| `base` | `base.*` | Reset/normalize |
| `elements` | `elements.*` | Default styling of bare HTML elements |
| `global` | `global.*` | Grid, wrap, layout scaffolds, prose, a11y |
| `components` | `component.*` | One self-contained block per file |
| `theme` | `theme.*` | At most one active theme (token overrides + style rules) |
| `helpers` | `help.*` | `!important` one-off overrides, last resort |
| _(unlayered)_ | your own CSS | Beats every layer above, except helpers |
Two entry files make the split concrete. The framework's own, [`framework/mcss.css`][mcss-entry], declares the layer order and puts every framework file in its layer. You never edit it:
```css
/* framework/mcss.css (abridged) */
@layer settings, base, elements, global, components, theme, helpers;
/* Build-time only (media queries + mixins definitions) */
@import url(./settings.media-queries.css);
@import url(./settings.mixins.css);
@import url(./settings.tokens.css) layer(settings);
@import url(./settings.ui.css) layer(settings);
@import url(./base.reset.css) layer(base);
@import url(./elements.text.css) layer(elements);
@import url(./global.grid.css) layer(global);
@import url(./component.button.css) layer(components);
@import url(./help.spacing.css) layer(helpers);
/* etc. */
```
Your site's entry (this site's is [`_global.css`][4]) pulls in the framework, activates at most one theme, then imports your own CSS unlayered:
```css
/* your entry file */
@import url(./framework/mcss.css);
/* Optional: activate ONE theme, a swappable style. Theme files are
self-layered (@layer theme inside the file), so no layer()
annotation. None imported = the default look. */
/* @import url(./framework/theme.wireframe.css); */
/* Your own CSS: UNLAYERED, after the framework. Its normal
declarations win over every mCSS layer without fighting
specificity. One exception: helpers are !important and beat
unlayered CSS too. */
@import url(./site/global.layout.css);
@import url(./site/component.header.css);
@import url(./site/page.blog.css);
/* etc. */
```
[cascade-layers]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@layer
[mcss-entry]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/blob/main/src/styles/framework/mcss.css
### How to import mCSS in your project
#### Drop-in file
Grab [`dist/mcss.css`][dist-css] (or [`dist/mcss.min.css`][dist-min]), the whole framework in one file, no build step needed. The easiest way to import, but the file size won't be optimized to your specific needs.
#### Individual files
Every framework file is also available pre-processed in [`dist/css/`][dist-dir] (with [`dist/css/mcss.css`][dist-index] as an `@import` index), so you can copy just the layers you need.
#### Source files
Copy [`src/styles/framework/`][framework-src] if you run PostCSS yourself (the source uses `@custom-media`, which needs [postcss-preset-env][presetEnv]).
Run `npm run build:css` in the repo to produce `dist/` from source.
[dist-css]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/blob/main/dist/mcss.css
[dist-min]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/blob/main/dist/mcss.min.css
[dist-dir]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/tree/main/dist/css
[dist-index]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/blob/main/dist/css/mcss.css
[framework-src]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/tree/main/src/styles/framework
[site-src]: https://github.com/minimaldesign/mCSS/tree/main/src/styles/site
## Detailed description of each layer
### Settings
Settings are where all custom properties are set.
- [Tokens][5] is where you set default values for sizes, font stacks, colors, transitions, etc. See [the docs][5] for all the values available by default.
- [Interface tokens][interfaceTokens] are an abstraction level to standardize common values across elements and components. For instance, components use `--ui-border-color` instead of the lower level token `--base-200`, so one override restyles every bordered surface.
- [Media queries][6] include responsive sizes, as well as user preferences like color schemes, reduced motion, etc. See [media queries docs][6].
- **Mixins** is optional. It is not used in other parts of mCSS by default but can be useful to streamline your own components' code. It requires a [PostCSS plugin][7] to work.
### Base
- Simple reset/normalize.
### HTML Elements
The default styling of all HTML elements, without classes.
- **Sectioning:** `header`, `footer`, etc.
- **Text:** `a`, `p`, etc.
- **Quotes:** adds the correct quotes depending on language.
- **Media:** `img`,`video`, etc.
- **Table:** `table`, `th`, etc.
- **Form:** `input`, `button`, etc.
- **Interactive:** `dialog`, `details`.
### Global
Global styles included out of the box:
- A responsive [grid system][grid].
- A full feature [wrapper][wrap].
- Common global site [layouts][layout].
- [Typography][prose], via the `.prose` class, for long form text, like articles, etc.
- [Accessibility][a11y] (A11Y) specific classes.
- Basic `@keyframes` animations (e.g., fade in/out)
### Components
Self-contained styles for single components, one block per file. The mCSS framework is designed to be used on its own, allowing you to create your own components, but a [collection of components][components] built on top of mCSS is included.
Some components are **CSS-only**: a single class on a single element, with no Astro component because there is no markup structure to encapsulate. For example, the `.badge` class on a `` is the whole badge, and the `.bt` class can style a `